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C Statements and blocks.

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Statements

C has three types of statement.

• assignment

   =
  

• selection (branching)

   if (expression)
   else
   switch
  

• iteration (looping)

   while (expression)
   for (expression;expression;expression)
   do {block}
  

Blocks

These statements are grouped into blocks, a block is identified by curly brackets...There are two types of block.

• statement blocks

   if ( i == j)
          {
            printf("martin \n");
          }
  

  The statement block containing the printf is only executed if the i == j expression evaluates to TRUE.
• function blocks

   int add( int a, int b)      /* Function definition */
   {
     int c;
     c = a + b;
     return c;
   }
  

  The statements in this block will only be executed if the add function is called 

                      Complete function example

/************************************************************************ * * Purpose: Program to demonstrate functions. * Author: M J Leslie. * Date: 28-Feb-94 * ************************************************************************/ int add( int, int); /* Function declaration */ main() { int i=1; printf("i starts out life as %d.", i); i = add(1, 1); /* Function call */ printf(" And becomes %d after function is executed.\n", i); } /************************************************************************/ int add( int a, int b) /* Function definition */ { int c; c = a + b; return c; }