C – Bit wise Operators

BIT WISE OPERATORS IN C:

• These operators are used to perform bit operations. Decimal values are converted into binary values which are the sequence of bits and bit wise operators work on these bits.
• Bit wise operators in C language are & (bitwise AND), | (bitwise OR), ~ (bitwise NOT), ^ (XOR), << (left shift) and >> (right shift).

TRUTH TABLE FOR BIT WISE OPERATION & BIT WISE OPERATORS:

BELOW ARE THE BIT-WISE OPERATORS AND THEIR NAME IN C LANGUAGE.

1. & – Bitwise AND
2. | – Bitwise OR
3. ~ – Bitwise NOT
4. ^ – XOR
5. << – Left Shift
6. >> – Right Shift

Consider x=40 and y=80. Binary form of these values are given below.

x = 00101000
y=  01010000

All bit wise operations for x and y are given below.

1. x&y = 00000000 (binary) = 0 (decimal)
2. x|y = 01111000 (binary) = 120 (decimal)
3. ~x = 11111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111010111 = -41 (decimal)
4. x^y = 01111000 (binary) = 120 (decimal)
5. x << 1 = 01010000 (binary) = 80 (decimal)
6. x >> 1 = 00010100 (binary) = 20 (decimal)

Note:

• Bit wise NOT : Value of 40 in binary is 00000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000010100000000000. So, all 0’s are converted into 1’s in bit wise NOT operation.
• Bit wise left shift and right shift : In left shift operation “x << 1 “, 1 means that the bits will be left shifted by one place. If we use it as “x << 2 “,  then, it means that the bits will be left shifted by 2 places.

EXAMPLE PROGRAM FOR BIT WISE OPERATORS IN C:

In this example program, bit wise operations are performed as shown above and output is displayed in decimal format.

C

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#include <stdio.h> int main() {    int m = 40,n = 80,AND_opr,OR_opr,XOR_opr,NOT_opr ;    AND_opr = (m&n);    OR_opr = (m|n);    NOT_opr = (~m);    XOR_opr = (m^n);    printf("AND_opr value = %d\n",AND_opr );    printf("OR_opr value = %d\n",OR_opr );    printf("NOT_opr value = %d\n",NOT_opr );    printf("XOR_opr value = %d\n",XOR_opr );    printf("left_shift value = %d\n", m << 1);    printf("right_shift value = %d\n", m >> 1); }

OUTPUT:

AND_opr value = 0 OR_opr value = 120 NOT_opr value = -41 XOR_opr value = 120 left_shift value = 80 right_shift value = 20