Study Materials

C - Strings Strings are actually one-dimensional array of characters terminated by a  null  character '\0'. Thus a null-terminated string contains the characters that comprise the string followed by a  null . The following declaration and initialization create a string consisting of the word "Hello". To hold the null character at the end of the array, the size of the character array containing the string is one more than the number of characters in the word "Hello." char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'}; If you follow the rule of array initialization then you can write the above statement as follows − char greeting[] = "Hello"; Following is the memory presentation of the above defined string in C/C++ − Actually, you do not place the  null  character at the end of a string constant. The C compiler automatically places the '\0' at the end of the string when it i...

C STRING FUNCTIONS: String.h header file supports all the string functions in C language. All the string functions are given below. Click on each string function name below for detail description and example programs. String functions Description strcat ( ) Concatenates str2 at the end of str1 strncat ( ) Appends a portion of string to another strcpy ( ) Copies str2 into str1 strncpy ( ) Copies given number of characters of one string to another strlen ( ) Gives the length of str1 strcmp ( ) Returns 0 if str1 is same as str2. Returns <0 if strl < str2. Returns >0 if str1 > str2 strcmpi   (   ) Same as strcmp() function. But, this function negotiates case.  “A” and “a” are treated as same. strchr ( ) Returns pointer to first occurrence of char in str1 strrchr ( ) last occurrence of given character in a string is found strstr ( ) Returns pointer to first occurrence of str2 in str1 strrstr ( ) Returns pointer to last occurrence of...